比较经腋窝入路单孔腔镜保乳术与传统开放保乳术对早期乳腺癌的治疗效果。

回顾性分析2020年2月至2023年2月102例早期乳腺癌患者的临床资料，根据手术方案不同分为开放组（n=51，行传统开放保乳术）与腔镜组（n=51，行经腋窝入路单孔腔镜保乳术）。采用SPSS 25.0软件处理数据，符合正态分布的计量资料以（±s）描述，采用独立样本t检验；计数资料用χ²检验。P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。

腔镜组患者手术时间长于开放组，术中出血量、手术切口长度、术后引流量和住院时间均优于开放组，耗材费用高于开放组（P<0.05）。术后2h、24h腔镜组患者视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分低于开放组（P<0.05）。腔镜组术后1个月乳房满意度、心理健康、躯体健康（胸部、性健康得分）均高于开放组（P<0.05）；术后6个月，两组上述得分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组患者术后并发症、术后2年复发及生存率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。

传统开放保乳术与经腋窝入路单孔腔镜保乳术可获得相当的治疗效果，而经腋窝入路单孔腔镜保乳术能有效缓解术后早期疼痛程度，减少术中出血量与术后引流量，缩短手术切口长度及住院时间，提高术后早期满意度，但其耗材费用较高。

To compare the therapeutic effects of single-port laparoscopic breast-conserving surgery via axillary approach versus traditional open breast-conserving surgery for early breast cancer.

A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 102 patients with early breast cancer from February 2020 to February 2023. Based on different surgical protocols, they were divided into the open surgery group (n=51, receiving traditional open breast-conserving surgery) and the laparoscopic group (n=51, receiving single-port laparoscopic breast-conserving surgery via axillary approach). Data were processed using SPSS 25.0 software. measurement data with normal distribution were described as (±s) and analyzed by independent samples t test; counting data were analyzed by χ² test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The operation time in the laparoscopic group was longer than that in the open surgery group, while the intraoperative blood loss, surgical incision length, postoperative drainage volume, and hospital stay in the laparoscopic group were better than those in the open surgery group, and the consumable cost was higher in the laparoscopic group (P<0.05). The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores of patients in the laparoscopic group at 2 hours and 24 hours after surgery were lower than those in the open surgery group (P<0.05). At 1 month after surgery, the scores of breast satisfaction, mental health, physical health (chest), and sexual health in the laparoscopic group were higher than those in the open surgery group (P<0.05); at 6 months after surgery, there were no statistically significant differences in the above scores between the two groups (P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in postoperative complications, or in recurrence and survival rates at 2 years after surgery (P>0.05).

Traditional open breast-conserving surgery and single-port laparoscopic breast-conserving surgery via axillary approach can achieve comparable therapeutic effects. However, single-port laparoscopic breast-conserving surgery via axillary approach can effectively relieve early postoperative pain, reduce intraoperative blood loss and postoperative drainage volume, shorten surgical incision length and hospital stay, and improve early postoperative satisfaction, but its consumable cost is higher.