分析术前营养支持联合术后早期肠内营养（EN）对直肠癌手术患者预后的影响。

选取2022年5月至2024年5月接受手术的直肠癌患者作为研究对象，利用随机数字表法分为A组（术前营养支持联合术后早期EN）、B组（术前营养支持+术后早期口服碳水化合物及流质饮食过渡）、C组（常规术前准备+术后排气后流质饮食过渡），每组患者各30例。统计软件SPSS 25.0分析数据，术后恢复情况、营养状况等计量资料以（±s）描述，采用单因素方差分析，组间两两比较用LSD-t检验；性别等计数资料以[例（%）]描述，采用χ²检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

A组、B组、C组的营养摄入达标率分别为80.0%、83.3%、76.7%，组间对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；A组患者术后住院时间、首次排气时间、首次排便时间短于B组、C组，且B组短于C组（P<0.05）；术后7d，3组患者血清总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、前白蛋白（PALB）均降低，但A组高于B组、C组，B组高于C组（P<0.05）；术后7d，3组患者C-反应蛋白（CRP）、白介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）均升高，但A组低于B组、C组，B组低于C组（P<0.05）。

直肠癌手术患者接受术前营养支持联合术后早期EN，能改善营养状态，减轻炎症应激程度，利于患者早期康复。

To analyze the impact of preoperative nutritional support combined with early postoperative enteral nutrition (EN) on the prognosis of patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery.

Rectal cancer patients who underwent surgery from May 2022 to May 2024 were enrolled and divided into three groups using a random number table: Group A (preoperative nutritional support + early postoperative EN), Group B (preoperative nutritional support + early postoperative oral carbohydrate and liquid diet transition), and Group C (routine preoperative preparation + liquid diet transition after postoperative exhaust), with 30 patients in each group. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Measurement data such as postoperative recovery and nutritional status were described as (±s), and analyzed by One-Way ANOVA with LSD-t test for pairwise comparisons between groups; enumeration data such as gender were described as [cases (%)] and analyzed by χ² test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The (nutritional intake compliance rate) of Groups A, B, and C was 80.0%, 83.3%, and 76.7%, respectively, with no significant difference among groups (P>0.05). The postoperative hospital stay, first exhaust time, and first defecation time in Group A were shorter than those in Groups B and C, and Group B was shorter than Group C (P<0.05). At 7 days postoperatively, serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), and prealbumin (PALB) decreased in all three groups, but Group A had higher levels than Groups B and C, and Group B had higher levels than Group C (P<0.05). At 7 days postoperatively, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) increased in all three groups, but Group A had lower levels than Groups B and C, and Group B had lower levels than Group C (P<0.05).

Preoperative nutritional support combined with early postoperative EN for rectal cancer surgery patients can improve nutritional status, reduce the degree of inflammatory stress, and facilitate early rehabilitation.