探究超声定位下冷循环射频消融术（RFA）在甲状腺良性结节（BTN）中的应用价值。

选取2022年12月至2023年12月96例BTN患者，使用信封随机法分为常规组和实验组，每组患者各48例。常规组患者采取开放手术治疗，实验组采取超声定位下冷循环RFA治疗。采用SPSS 23.0处理数据，符合正态分布的计量资料用（±s）表示，行独立样本t检验，计数资料以[例（%）]描述，行χ²检验。检验水准α=0.05。

与常规组患者比较，实验组手术和术后住院时间短、术中出血量少（P<0.05）；与术后6h相比，术后12h、24h两组患者视觉模拟评分法（VAS）评分均减少，且术后6h、12h、24h实验组患者VAS评分均小于常规组（P<0.05）；与术前相比，实验组患者术后6个月、12个月结节体积逐渐减小，且与术后6个月相比，术后12个月体积缩小率增大（P<0.05）；与术前相比，术后3个月、6个月和12个月实验组患者甲状腺激素（TSH）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）及游离甲状腺素（FT4）水平无显著变化（P>0.05），但常规组术后3个月TSH水平升高、FT3、FT4水平降低（P<0.05），且术后3个月实验组TSH水平低于常规组，FT3和FT4水平高于常规组（P<0.05）；实验组患者术后并发症总发生率低于常规组（P<0.05）。

超声定位下冷循环RFA治疗BTN可缩短手术时间、减轻术后疼痛，同时缩小结节体积并保留甲状腺功能，减少术后并发症的发生。

To explore the application value of cold circulation radiofrequency ablation (RFA) under ultrasound guidance in benign thyroid nodules (BTN).

A total of 96 BTN patients from December 2022 to December 2023 were enrolled and divided into a conventional group and an experimental group by envelope randomization, with 48 patients in each group. The conventional group received open surgery, while the experimental group underwent cold circulation RFA under ultrasound guidance. Data were processed using SPSS 23.0. Measurement data were expressed as (±s) and analyzed by independent sample t test; enumeration data were described as [cases (%)] and analyzed by χ² test. The test level was α=0.05.

Compared with the conventional group, the experimental group had shorter operation and postoperative hospital stay, and less intraoperative blood loss (P<0.05). Visual analog scale (VAS) scores at 12 h and 24 h postoperatively were lower than those at 6 h postoperatively in both groups, and the experimental group showed lower VAS scores than the conventional group at 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h postoperatively (P<0.05). The nodule volume in the experimental group gradually decreased at 6 and 12 months postoperatively compared with that before surgery, and the volume shrinkage rate at 12 months postoperatively was higher than that at 6 months postoperatively (P<0.05). Levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) in the experimental group showed no significant changes at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively compared with those before surgery (P>0.05), while the conventional group had increased TSH and decreased FT3/FT4 levels at 3 months postoperatively (P<0.05). The experimental group had lower TSH and higher FT3/FT4 levels than the conventional group at 3 months postoperatively (P<0.05). The total incidence of postoperative complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the conventional group (P<0.05).

Cold circulation RFA under ultrasound guidance for BTN can shorten operation time, alleviate postoperative pain, reduce nodule volume, preserve thyroid function, and decrease postoperative complications.