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中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (05) : 463 -467. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3946.2026.05.013

论著

以IMA为轴心的No.253组淋巴结清扫在保留左结肠动脉的直肠癌根治术中对自主神经的保护作用
梁承友1,†(), 姚德炯1, 叶志刚2, 王敏3, 张小容3, 方舒4, 朱明5, 廖介5   
  1. 1 644300 四川宜宾,长宁县人民医院肿瘤科(普外二科)
    2 644300 四川宜宾,长宁县人民医院神经外科
    3 644300 四川宜宾,长宁县人民医院消化内镜
    4 644300 四川宜宾,长宁县人民医院营养科
    5 644300 四川宜宾,宜宾市第二人民医院(华西宜宾医院)普外科
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-20 出版日期:2026-10-26
  • 通信作者: 梁承友

Autonomic nerve protection via IMA-oriented No.253 lymphadenectomy in rectal cancer surgery with left colic artery preservation

Chengyou Liang1,†(), Dejiong Yao1, Zhigang Ye2, Min Wang3, Xiaorong Zhang3, Shu Fang4, Ming Zhu5, Jie Liao5   

  1. 1 Department of Oncology (General Surgery Ⅱ), Changning County People's Hospital, Yibin Sichuan Province 644300, China
    2 Department of Neurosurgery, Changning County People's Hospital, Yibin Sichuan Province 644300, China
    3 Digestive Endoscopy, Changning County People's Hospital, Yibin Sichuan Province 644300, China
    4 Department of Nutrition, Changning County People's Hospital, Yibin Sichuan Province 644300, China
    5 Department of General Surgery, Yibin Second People's Hospital (West China Yibin Hospital), Yibin Sichuan Province 644300, China
  • Received:2025-11-20 Published:2026-10-26
  • Corresponding author: Chengyou Liang
  • Supported by:
    2024 Yibin City Science and Technology Project(2024SF008)
引用本文:

梁承友, 姚德炯, 叶志刚, 王敏, 张小容, 方舒, 朱明, 廖介. 以IMA为轴心的No.253组淋巴结清扫在保留左结肠动脉的直肠癌根治术中对自主神经的保护作用[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(05): 463-467.

Chengyou Liang, Dejiong Yao, Zhigang Ye, Min Wang, Xiaorong Zhang, Shu Fang, Ming Zhu, Jie Liao. Autonomic nerve protection via IMA-oriented No.253 lymphadenectomy in rectal cancer surgery with left colic artery preservation[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Operative Procedures of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(05): 463-467.

目的

探讨以肠系膜下动脉(IMA)为轴心的No.253组淋巴结清扫在保留左结肠动脉(LCA)的直肠癌根治术中对自主神经的保护作用。

方法

前瞻性选取2020年1月至2025年6月行直肠癌根治术的90例直肠癌患者。采用随机数字表法结合区组随机法将患者分为三组,A组(不保留LCA+传统清扫No.253组淋巴结)、B组(保留LCA+传统清扫No.253组淋巴结)、C组(保留LCA+以IMA为轴心清扫No.253组淋巴结),每组患者各30例。符合正态分布的计量资料采用(

±s)表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析;Pearson χ2检验以[例(%)]表示的肿瘤大小、分期等计数资料的多组间关系;术后生存情况采用Kaplan-Meier曲线法进行分析,行Log-Rank χ2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

结果

与A组比较,B组和C组患者的手术时间延长、排气时间及术后住院时间缩短(P<0.05),且C组术中出血量减少、胃肠功能恢复时间缩短(P<0.05);与 B组比较,C组患者胃肠功能恢复时间缩短(P<0.05)。三组患者清扫淋巴结总数、No.253组淋巴结数、淋巴结阳性率及环周切缘(CRM)阳性率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。C组男性患者在尿潴留例数、国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)、勃起功能障碍例数、国际勃起功能指数5(IIEF-5)评分方面,以及女性患者在尿潴留例数、国际尿失禁咨询委员会下尿路症状评分(ICIQ-FLUTS)、女性性功能指数(FSFI)评分,均优于A组、B组(P<0.05);A、B、C组三组患者累积无病生存率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

在保留LCA的直肠癌根治术中,以IMA为轴心清扫No.253组淋巴结,既能更高效地保护自主神经、优化围手术期恢复指标,又可保障淋巴结清扫效果,且不影响患者无病生存率,兼具神经保护优势与肿瘤学安全性。

Objective

To investigate the protective effect of No.253 lymph node dissection centered on the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) on autonomic nerves during radical resection of rectal cancer with preservation of the left colic artery (LCA).

Methods

A total of 90 patients undergoing radical resection for rectal cancer were prospectively enrolled from January 2020 to June 2025. The patients were divided into three groups using the random number table combined with block randomization, with 30 cases in each group. Group A: LCA non-preservation plus conventional No.253 lymph node dissection; Group B: LCA preservation plus conventional No.253 lymph node dissection; Group C: LCA preservation plus IMA-centered No.253 lymph node dissection. Measurement data conforming to normal distribution were expressed as (

±s). One-way analysis of variance was used for intergroup comparison of continuous data. The Pearson χ2 test was adopted for enumeration data such as tumor size and tumor stage presented as cases (%). Postoperative survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the Log-Rank test was performed for comparison. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

Compared with Group A, Group B and Group C had longer operative time, shorter time to first flatus and shorter postoperative hospital stay (P<0.05). Group C presented less intraoperative blood loss and faster gastrointestinal function recovery (P<0.05). Compared with Group B, Group C had a shorter recovery time of gastrointestinal function (P<0.05). There were no significant differences among the three groups in the total number of dissected lymph nodes, number of No.253 lymph nodes, lymph node positive rate and circumferential resection margin (CRM) positive rate (P>0.05). For male patients in Group C, the incidence of urinary retention, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), incidence of erectile dysfunction and International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) score were all superior to those in Group A and Group B (P<0.05). For female patients in Group C, the incidence of urinary retention, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTS) score and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) score were also better than those in the other two groups (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in the cumulative disease-free survival rate among the three groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion

In radical resection of rectal cancer with LCA preservation, IMA-centered No.253 lymph node dissection can effectively protect autonomic nerves and improve perioperative recovery indicators, while ensuring adequate lymph node dissection. This surgical technique does not affect patients' disease-free survival, and possesses advantages in nerve protection as well as oncological safety.

表1 三组直肠癌患者基线资料比较
表2 三组直肠癌患者围手术期指标比较(
±s)
表3 三组直肠癌患者肿瘤根治效果比较
表4 三组直肠癌男性患者术后6个月自主神经功能保护效果比较
表5 三组直肠癌女性患者术后6个月自主神经功能保护效果比较
图1 三组直肠癌手术患者术后累积无病生存曲线 注:A组为不保留左结肠动脉+传统清扫No.253组淋巴结;B组为保留左结肠动脉+传统清扫No.253组淋巴结;C组为保留左结肠动脉+以肠系膜下动脉为轴心清扫No.253组淋巴结
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