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中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (05) : 457 -462. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3946.2026.05.012

论著

腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术后肠梗阻的危险因素分析及防治措施
郭建辉, 陈小炎, 胡鹏, 王辰啸, 陈华涛, 闵凯, 吴彪†()   
  1. 430022 武汉,武汉市第一医院胃肠外科
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-29 出版日期:2026-10-26
  • 通信作者: 吴彪

Analysis of risk factors and preventive and therapeutic measures for intestinal obstruction after laparoscopic ventral incisional hernia repair using synthetic anti-adhesion mesh

Jianhui Guo, Xiaoyan Chen, Peng Hu, Chenxiao Wang, Huatao Chen, Kai Min, Biao Wu†,†()   

  1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan Hubei Province 430022, China
  • Received:2025-10-29 Published:2026-10-26
  • Corresponding author: Biao Wu
引用本文:

郭建辉, 陈小炎, 胡鹏, 王辰啸, 陈华涛, 闵凯, 吴彪. 腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术后肠梗阻的危险因素分析及防治措施[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(05): 457-462.

Jianhui Guo, Xiaoyan Chen, Peng Hu, Chenxiao Wang, Huatao Chen, Kai Min, Biao Wu. Analysis of risk factors and preventive and therapeutic measures for intestinal obstruction after laparoscopic ventral incisional hernia repair using synthetic anti-adhesion mesh[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Operative Procedures of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(05): 457-462.

目的

探讨腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术后发生肠梗阻的危险因素与防治措施。

方法

选取2018年9月至2024年3月296例行腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术患者作为研究对象,依据术后是否发生肠梗阻分为肠梗阻组(n=35)和非肠梗阻组(n=261)。应用软件SPSS 22.0统计分析数据。采用最小绝对收缩与选择算子(LASSO)回归筛选术后肠梗阻发生的影响因素;采用多元Logistic回归分析术后肠梗阻发生的影响因素,并采用拟合曲线分析危险因素与术后肠梗阻发生的关系;根据危险因素进行预测模型构建,并评价模型的诊断效能。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。

结果

本研究296例患者平均年龄为(62.5±14.6)岁,合并腹水66例(22.3%),慢性咳嗽62例(20.9%),慢性便秘35例(11.8%),前列腺增生38例(12.8%),无合并疾病者95例(32.1%);与非肠梗阻组相比,肠梗阻组患者恢复肠蠕动及肠鸣音时间、首次排气时间、首次排便时间、首次进食时间、肠功能、β-内啡肽(β-EP)水平明显增加,胃动素、胃泌素、胰岛素(InS)、生长激素(GH)和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)水平明显降低(P<0.05);LASSO回归及多元Logistic回归模型分析结果显示身体质量指数(BMI)、疝缺损大小、手术时间、腹内压增高因素是腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术后发生肠梗阻的独立危险因素(P均<0.05);拟合曲线分析结果显示术后肠梗阻发生率与BMI、疝缺损、手术时间呈正相关;并构建预测模型,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果显示该模型曲线下面积(AUC)为0.825[95%置信区间(95%CI):0.775~0.899],灵敏度为0.846,特异度为0.699。

结论

BMI>25 kg/m2、疝缺损大小≥8 cm、手术时间≥120 min、含腹内压增高因素的人群,腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术后肠梗阻发生风险较高,临床需尽早采取干预措施,以降低术后肠梗阻发生风险。

Objective

To explore the risk factors for intestinal obstruction after laparoscopic ventral incisional hernia repair with synthetic anti-adhesion mesh, and summarize relevant prevention and treatment strategies.

Methods

A total of 296 patients who underwent laparoscopic ventral incisional hernia repair using synthetic anti-adhesion mesh from September 2018 to March 2024 were enrolled as research subjects. Patients were divided into the intestinal obstruction group (n=35) and the non-intestinal obstruction group (n=261) according to whether postoperative intestinal obstruction occurred. Statistical analyses were conducted with SPSS 22.0 software. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was adopted to screen potential influencing factors of postoperative intestinal obstruction. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors, and fitting curves were plotted to analyze the correlation between each risk factor and the incidence of postoperative intestinal obstruction. A predictive model was established based on the screened risk factors, and the diagnostic performance of the model was evaluated. A P value less than 0.05 was defined as statistically significant.

Results

The average age of the 296 patients was (62.5±14.6) years old. Among them, 66 cases (22.3%) were complicated with ascites, 62 cases (20.9%) with chronic cough, 35 cases (11.8%) with chronic constipation, 38 cases (12.8%) with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and 95 cases (32.1%) without any comorbidities. Compared with the non-intestinal obstruction group, the intestinal obstruction group presented significantly prolonged time to recovery of intestinal peristalsis and bowel sounds, first flatus, first defecation and first oral feeding, impaired intestinal function, and elevated levels of β-endorphin (β-EP); meanwhile, the levels of motilin, gastrin, insulin (InS), growth hormone (GH) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were markedly decreased (P<0.05). LASSO regression and multivariate Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that body mass index (BMI), hernia defect size, operative duration, and factors leading to elevated intra-abdominal pressure were independent risk factors for postoperative intestinal obstruction (all (P<0.05). Fitting curve analysis indicated that the incidence of postoperative intestinal obstruction was positively correlated with BMI, hernia defect size and operative duration. A predictive model was constructed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) of this model was 0.825 [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.775~0.899], with a sensitivity of 0.846 and a specificity of 0.699.

Conclusion

Patients with BMI >25 kg/m2, hernia defect size ≥8 cm, operative duration ≥120 min, or predisposing factors for elevated intra-abdominal pressure carry a high risk of intestinal obstruction after laparoscopic ventral incisional hernia repair with synthetic anti-adhesion mesh. Early clinical interventions should be implemented to reduce the incidence of this postoperative complication.

图1 手术操作过程图 1A为使用剪刀分离肠管粘连;1B为使用电钩分离网膜粘连;1C为钩针带线关闭疝缺损;1D为疝钉固定补片
表1 腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术两组患者一般资料对比
项目 肠梗阻组(n=35) 非肠梗阻组(n=261) 统计值 P值
年龄[例(%)] χ2=5.006 0.025
<60岁 12(34.3) 142(54.4)
≥60岁 23(65.7) 119(45.6)
BMI[例(%)]
>25 kg/m2 22(62.9) 103(39.5) χ2=6.692 0.009
≤25 kg/m2 13(37.1) 158(60.5)
性别[例%)]
男 24(68.6) 125(47.9) χ2=5.279 0.022
女 11(31.4) 136(52.1)
吸烟[例(%)]
是 17(48.6) 69(26.4) χ2=7.335 0.007
否 18(51.4) 192(73.6)
饮酒[例(%)]
是 15(42.9) 63(24.1) χ2=5.572 0.018
否 20(57.1) 198(75.9)
居住地[例(%)]
城镇 17(48.6) 142(54.4) χ2=0.423 0.516
农村 18(51.4) 119(45.6)
基础疾病[例(%)]
是 19(54.3) 92(35.2) χ2=4.772 0.029
否 16(45.7) 169(64.8)
手术时间[例(%)]
<120 min 14(40.0) 169(64.8) χ2=8.010 0.005
≥120 min 21(60.0) 92(35.2)
切口类型[例(%)]
直切口 20(57.1) 152(58.24) χ2=0.015 0.902
斜切口 15(42.9) 109(41.76)
疝缺损大小[例(%)]
<8 cm 15(42.9) 168(64.4) χ2=6.050 0.014
≥8 cm 20(57.1) 93(35.6)
疝缺损部位[例(%)]
前腹壁中央区域切口疝 15(42.9) 88(33.7) χ2=1.154 0.562
前腹壁边缘区域切口疝 12(34.3) 101(38.7)
侧腹壁和腰背部切口疝 8(22.8) 72(27.6)
腹内压增高因素[例(%)]
是 29(82.9) 162(62.1) χ2=5.827 0.016
否 6(17.1) 99(37.9)
腹部多次手术史[例(%)]
是 13(37.1) 48(18.4) χ2=6.633 0.010
否 22(62.9) 213(81.6)
总蛋白(g/L,
±s)
57.2±5.2 57.0±5.2 t=0.344 0.731
白蛋白(g/L,
±s)
34.2±4.3 34.6±4.7 t=0.469 0.639
血红蛋白(g/L,
±s)
125.2±15.6 119.0±19.0 t=1.872 0.062
白细胞计数(×109/L,
±s)
10.2±3.4 9.4±3.1 t=1.579 0.115
中性粒细胞比例(%,
±s)
74.2±10.2 72.5±8.4 t=1.094 0.275
C-反应蛋白(mg/L,
±s)
14.3±7.6 12.9±6.6 t=1.167 0.244
住院时间(d,
±s)
13.9±1.2 7.2±1.4 t=27.804 <0.001
下床活动时间(h,
±s)
24.1±3.9 12.7±2.8 t=21.594 <0.001
表2 腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术两组患者胃肠功能指标比较(
±s)
表3 腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术两组患者血清电解质及氧化应激水平比较(
±s)
图2 腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术后肠梗阻风险因素LASSO回归筛选 2A为风险变量系数路径图;2B为交叉验证曲线
表4 腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术后肠梗阻风险因素多元Logistic回归分析
图3 腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术后肠梗阻风险拟合曲线图 注:BMI为身体质量指数
表5 腹腔镜下腹壁切口疝人工合成防粘连补片修补术后肠梗阻风险预测模型构建与验证
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