探讨腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术后常见并发症的类型、危险因素、防治策略及临床管理方法，为临床降低并发症发生率、改善患者预后提供理论依据与实践指导。

顾性分析近年来国内外相关研究文献（本研究共纳入符合标准的文献24篇），采用文献研究法、归纳分析法、对比分析法梳理并发症发生特点，分析危险因素，总结防治与管理方案，并对纳入文献开展质量评估，对比不同防治方法的临床效果。

腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术后并发症总体发生率为 13.9%~23.4%，显著低于开腹手术（23.4%~45.76%）；常见并发症以感染、吻合口漏、肠梗阻等为主，同时存在高碳酸血症等腹腔镜特有并发症。GPS 2分是术后总并发症及严重并发症的独立危险因素，年龄、手术时间、护理干预等多因素也与并发症发生密切相关。通过术前预康复、术中规范操作、术后个性化护理等全流程综合防治措施，可显著降低并发症发生率，改善康复结局。

腹腔镜结直肠癌根治术后并发症受多因素协同影响，临床需建立全流程防治管理体系，结合预测模型筛选高危患者实施针对性干预，强化多学科合作是提升手术安全性、改善患者预后的关键手段。

To explore the types, risk factors, prevention strategies and clinical management methods of common complications after laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer, and to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for reducing the incidence of complications and improving patient prognosis in clinical practice.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on relevant research literature from domestic and international sources (a total of 24 eligible studies were included in this study). The literature was analyzed using the methods of literature research, induction analysis, and comparative analysis to summarize the characteristics of complication occurrence, analyze risk factors, and summarize prevention and management plans. The quality of the included literature was evaluated, and the clinical effects of different prevention methods were compared.

The overall incidence of complications after laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer ranged from 13.9% to 23.4%, significantly lower than that of open surgery (23.4% to 45.76%). Common complications included infection, anastomotic leakage, and intestinal obstruction, among others. There were also specific complications unique to laparoscopy, such as hypercapnia. The GPS2 score was an independent risk factor for total and severe complications after surgery. Age, operation time, and nursing intervention were also closely related to the occurrence of complications. Through comprehensive prevention measures throughout the entire process, such as preoperative rehabilitation, standardized operation during surgery, and personalized postoperative care, the incidence of complications can be significantly reduced, and the rehabilitation outcome can be improved.

Complications after laparoscopic radical resection of colorectal cancer are influenced by multiple factors. Clinically, a comprehensive prevention management system throughout the entire process needs to be established. High-risk patients can be screened using predictive models and targeted interventions can be implemented. Strengthening multidisciplinary cooperation is a key means to improve surgical safety and patient prognosis.