低位直肠癌患者的预防性造口通常是临时的，待患者机体恢复后需择期行造口还纳术，但对于造口的还纳时间尚缺乏统一标准，还需要大量研究进一步明确早期、晚期还纳造口的利弊。预防性造口的存在同样也带来许多相关并发症的发生，包括造口相关并发症，早期造口相关并发症造口坏死和造口周围皮肤并发症以及晚期造口相关并发症造口狭窄、造口回缩、造口脱垂、造口旁疝、造口癌及社会心理障碍等。造口持续时间会影响还纳术围手术期相关并发症，包括切口感染、肠梗阻及切口疝等。本文阐述了低位直肠癌预防性造口还纳时间的研究进展，为临床工作提供参考。

Preventive ostomy for patients with low rectal cancer is usually temporary and should be performed at a selected time after the patient's body recovers.However, there is still no uniform standard for the time of ostomy restoration, and a large number of studies are needed to further clarify the advantages and disadvantages of early and late reduction of ostomy.The presence of preventive ostomy also leads to the occurrence of many related complications, including ostomy related complications, early ostomy related complications, ostomy necrosis and periostomy skin complications, as well as late ostomy related complications,stenosis, retraction, prolapse, parastostomy hernia, ostomy cancer, and psychosocial disorders.The duration of the incision affected perioperative complications, including incisional infection, intestinal obstruction and incisional hernia.In this paper, the research progress of prophylactic ostomy reduction time for low rectal cancer was reviewed to provide reference for clinical work.