This study aims to summarize the onset characteristics, risk factors, feasible prevention measures, and corresponding management strategies of common complications after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer, providing evidence-based references for reducing the occurrence probability of complications and improving the postoperative recovery quality of patients.

This study collated and summarized relevant research literature published in the past 5 years. Using bibliometric, evidence-based medicine, and standardized statistical methods, the specific classification of complications, risk factors were systematically analyzed, and feasible prevention paths and corresponding management plans were summarized.

The overall incidence of postoperative complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer ranged from 18.3% to 27.6% (Meta-analysis combined effect size OR=0.280, 95% CI: 0.190~0.420, P<0.001). The most common clinical complications included infectious, anastomotic-related, intra-abdominal bleeding, and pancreatic fistula, etc. Personal variables of patients, surgical process-related triggers, and perioperative management all belong to independent risk variables for the occurrence of complications (all P < 0.05); Establishing a standardized three-level prevention system can reduce the incidence of complications (intervention group 12.3% vs. control group 26.7%, χ²=14.520, P<0.001). Conclusion: This study found that the postoperative complications of patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer are influenced by multiple variables.

Establishing a full-process prevention system combined with individualized intervention plans is the core support for reducing complications, ensuring surgical outcomes, and optimizing the postoperative recovery quality of patients.