To compare the safety and quality of life of laparoscopic and open D3 radical resection for middle and lower rectal cancer with autonomic nerve preservation.

The clinical data of 84 patients with middle and lower rectal cancer treated in our hospital from June 2015 to August 2017 were retrospectively selected. According to the different surgical methods, the patients were divided into laparoscopic group(n=46) and open group(n=38) respectively. Data analysis was performed by statistical software SPSS21.0. The surgery related indicators of the two groups was compared by two independent samples t-test. The complication rate, recurrence rate, index of quality of life of the two groups were compared by χ² test, P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The operation time in the laparoscopic group was longer than that in the open group (P<0.05), the intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization time, urinary catheter retention time, and anal exhaust time were shorter than those in the open group (P<0.05). The total incidence of postoperative complications in the laparoscopic group was 6.5%, which was lower than 26.3% in the open group, the difference was statistically significant (χ²=4.6517, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the 1-year local recurrence rate, and 1-year survival rate between the two groups (P>0.05). In the laparoscopic group, the urinary function at 10 days after operation, the erectile function at 2 months after operation, and the ejaculation function at 2 months after operation were better than those in the open group (all P<0.05).

The surgical effect of laparoscopic D3 radical resection for middle and lower rectal cancer with autonomic nerve preservation is significant, the safety is higher, the recurrence rate and survival rate are comparable to open surgery, and it can significantly improve the quality of life of patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.