To explore a minimally invasive method for the treatment of low rectal anastomotic leakage by rigid proctoscopy and guided catheterization through anus.

Data of 8 patients with severe clinical symptoms of low rectal anastomotic leakage after Dixon rectal cancer were evaluated and treated by electroprostatoscopy from August 2019 to December 2022, and were graded according to the International Rectal Cancer Collaboration Group (ISREC) grading criteria: 1 case of grade B and 7 cases of grade C were monitored and guided by the electric incision microscope, "3 tubes and 4 cavities catheter drainage" was performed, and the residual intestinal contents, necrotic tissue, and foreign bodies in the anterior sacral and perirectal residual cavities were thoroughly washed away. The situation of anastomotic leakage and infection-related indicators of the patients were monitored, and the clinical efficacy of this method was evaluated.

8 patients were treated with electroprostatoscope and catheterization and drainage. 6 patients were cured and discharged. The average healing time was 13 (9~18) days. Anastomotic hemorrhage and rectovaginal fistula occurred in 1 case, and permanent descending colostomy occurred immediately in 1 case due to complete anastomotic rupture and retraction. All cases were cured and no one died.

It is a safe, convenient, effective and minimally invasive treatment method to use electroprostatoscope as flush proctoscope to accurately evaluate and guide catheterization and drainage for the treatment of low rectal anastomotic leakage.