Abstract:

Since 1991, the first case of laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed in Chinese mainland, minimally invasive surgery has been booming in our country. With the upgrading level of technology and equipment, the concept of minimally invasive and precise medicine has been realized. In the past 30 years, from 2D, 3D, HD to 4K, imaging equipment has been constantly upgraded. From the classic " five hole method" to the " single hole method" , the abdominal trauma has been continuously reduced. From the abdominal approach to the transanal approach in the Total Mesocolic Excision (TME), laparoscopic surgery has been developed as a matural mode for the surgical treatment of rectal cancer. Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery has obvious advantages. From radical resection to functional protection, minimally invasive concept is consistent, and the cure rate and anal preservation rate are significantly improved. With the joint efforts of Chinese surgical colleagues, the treatment concept and surgical techniques have been constantly innovated and improved, . In recent years, the Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction Surgery (NOSES) has been proposed by Chinese scholars, under the strict indications, this kind of operation will achieve the ultimate minimally invasive effect, without increasing postoperative complications, and could achieve satisfactory short-term and long-term clinical outcome, therefore patients could be benefit psychologically and physiologically. In the era of robot-assisted surgery and artificial intelligence (AI), it is believed that under the guidance of intraoperative stereo imaging technology, laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery in the future will be more accurate and patterned, which will benefit all of mankind.

Key words: Rectal neoplasms, Laparoscopes, Total mesocolic excision, Mesentery, Achievement, Evolution