To analyze the recurrence of calculi and its related risk factors after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) combined with laparoscopic choledocholithotomy T-tube drainage (LCHTD).

From January 2014 to June 2016, clinical data of 89 cases of cholelithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis treated by LC combined with LCHTD, were analyzed retrospectively by using SPSS21.0 statistical software package. The recurrence rate, cumulative recurrence rate in 1-3 years and univariate analysis were performed by using χ² test, while multivariate analysis was performed by using logistic regression analysis, and OR and 95% confidence interval were calculated. A P value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

The recurrence of calculi occured in 18 patients(20.22%) after LC combined with LCHTD, The cumulative recurrence rate was 2.25%(2/89) in one year, 5.62%(5/89) in two years and 12.36%(11/89) in three years. Univariate analysis showed that age, diameter of common bile duct, number of stones, lithotripsy, choledochal dilatation, cystic duct dilatation, combined with biliary or pancreatic inflammation were associated with recurrence of stones after combined surgery (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that diameter of common bile duct(>1.5 cm), choledochal dilatation, cholecystic duct dilatation, combined with biliary or pancreatitis Symptoms were the independent risk factors for stone recurrence after combined surgery.

There are many factors influencing the recurrence of calculi after LC combined with LCHTD, even some of them would occur together. It is necessary to take pertinent measures to reduce the recurrence rate of calculi after LC combined with LCHTD.