To compare the efficacy, safety, and thyroid function of thyroid adenoma treated with axillary approach, breast approach, and traditional open surgery.

The clinical data of 118 patients with unilateral thyroid adenoma treated surgically in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 32 patients were treated with axillary approach( group A), 37 patients were treated with breast approach(group B), and 49 patients were treated with traditional open surgery(group C). Statistical software SPSS22.0 was used to analysis, the clinical efficacy and incidence of complications were analyzed using χ² test, the F-test was used to compare the surgical related indicators and thyroid function indexes among the groups, data were expressed by (±s); P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, drainage volume, hospitalization time, and cosmetic score in group A were better than those in group B and group C (all P<0.05). The total effective rates of group A and group B were higher than that of group C (χ²=4.1560, 5.0341, all P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in group A, B, and C was 9.4%, 13.5%, and 14.3%, respectively. The postoperative FT3 and FT4 levels in the three groups were lower than preoperative (all P<0.05), THS levels were higher than preoperative (all P<0.05). After surgery, There were no significant differences in the levels of FT3, FT4, and THS among the three groups (all P>0.05).

Axillary approach, breast approach, and traditional open surgery are safe and effective surgical methods. The cosmetic effect of axillary approach is best, and it can be selected first.