To observe the impact of different surgical approaches for breast cancer on postoperative complications and rehabilitation outcomes.

A retrospective analysis was performed on 210 breast cancer patients who underwent surgery from March 2021 to March 2023. The patients were divided into a breast-conserving group (n=103, treated with breast-conserving mastectomy) and a modified radical group (n=107, treated with modified radical mastectomy) according to the surgical method. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software. Measurement data and enumeration data were expressed as (±s) and [cases (%)], respectively, and analyzed by independent sample t test and χ² test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Compared with the modified radical group, the breast-conserving group had significantly shorter operation time, drainage tube indwelling time, wound healing time, and hospital stay (P<0.05). The total incidence of postoperative complications in the breast-conserving group was lower than that in the modified radical group, while the excellent and good rate of breast cosmetic effect and SF-36 dimension scores were higher (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the follow-up results between the two groups (P>0.05).

Compared with modified radical mastectomy, breast-conserving mastectomy causes less trauma to patients, reduces the risk of postoperative complications, maximally preserves the normal breast shape, and improves the quality of life after surgery. However, there is no significant difference in the one-year prognosis between the two surgical approaches.