To investigate the efficacy and improvement of immune status in the treatment of thyroid cancer with laparoscopic laparoscopy, small incision laparoscopy and open surgery.

A total of 138 patients with thyroid cancer were selected and randomly divided into three groups: group A, group B, and group C, 46 cases in each group, they were given laparoscopic surgery(group A), small incision laparoscopic surgery(group B), and open surgery(group C) respectively. The clinical data was analyzed through statistical software SPSS22.0. The surgically-related indexes and immunological function indexes were expressed as (±s). The three-sample comparison was compared by one-way analysis of variance, the two-sample comparison was compared by the independent t\\test, and the total clinical efficacy and postoperative complication rates were compared by a four-cell table χ² test. The difference was statistically significant when P<0.05.

The operation time in group A was longer than those in group B and group C (all P<0.05). The blood loss and postoperative drainage in group A were higher than those in group B and group C (all P<0.05); The hospitalization time in group A and B were shorter than that in group C (P<0.05). The total effective rates in group A, B, and C were 95.7%, 90.9%, and 76.1% respectively. The total effective rate in group A and group B were higher than that in group C (P<0.05). The complication rates in group A, B, and C were 6.5%, 8.7%, and 32.6% respectively, the difference among the three groups was statistically significant (P<0.05), among them, the incidence of complications in A and B groups were lower than those in group C, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After the operation, the NK cell levels in group A and B were lower than that in group C (P<0.05). The levels of CD3⁺ , CD4⁺ in group A and B were significantly higher than those in group C (P<0.05), so patients in group A had minimal immunosuppression after surgical traumatic stress.

Areola laparoscopy and small incision laparoscopy have good surgical results, laparoscopy were better than the areola laparoscopy in operation time, intraoperative blood loss and intraoperative drainage of small incision, the incidence of postoperative complications is low in the two surgical methods, however, areola laparoscopy has less immunosuppressive effect on patients, both surgical results are superior than open surgery and worthy of popularization and application.