To investigate the clinical value of immunochromatographic assay in the rapid detection of parathyroid tissue by fine needle aspiration in thyroid surgery.

Prospective study were performed from January 2018 to October 2018, and 102 patients underwent thyroidectomy, were enrolled, whom were randomly divided into immunochromatographic group (52 cases) and control group (50 cases). Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 19.0 software. Measurement data including perioperative level of blood calcium and PTH were expressed as mean±standard deviation and examined by using t test. The recognition rate were compared by using chi square test. A P value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant difference.

Compared with intraoperative frozen pathological results, the recognition rate was 77.0% (47/61) in the control group, and 97.4% (75/77) in the immunochromatographic group, with significant difference between two groups (χ²=35.57, P<0.0001). In cases of benign lesions with thyroidectomy, the serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels of patients were similar in both immunochromatographic group and control group, with no significant difference (P>0.05). In cases of thyroid malignancies with thyroidectomy, the serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels of patients in immunochromatographic group was significantly higher than those in the control group respectively (P<0.05).

Intraoperative fine needle aspiration by using immunochromatographic method is helpful to distinguish parathyroid tissue, which is convenient and rapid, and could avoid injury of parathyroid gland and could reduce the incidence of hypoparathyroidism.