To explore the effect of 3D laparoscopy in the lymph node dissection for low-stage advanced rectal cancer under three-dimensional reconstruction, and to analyze its impact on postoperative micro-inflammation and intestinal mucosal function of patients.

A total of 120 patients with low-stage advanced rectal cancer from our hospital from January 2019 to January 2023 were retrospectively selected as the research subjects. The patients were divided into the observation group (n=56, who received pelvic structure MRI three-dimensional reconstruction before surgery) and the control group (n=64, who received MRI scan before surgery but did not undergo three-dimensional reconstruction). Data were analyzed using SPSS20.0 statistical software. Quantitative data with normal distribution were analyzed using the independent sample t test; count data were analyzed using the χ² test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Compared with the control group, the operation time, hospital stay, and intestinal function recovery time of the observation group were shorter, the intraoperative blood loss was less, and the number of resected lymph nodes and positive lymph nodes was higher (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in preoperative micro-inflammatory indicators and intestinal mucosal function indicators between the two groups (P>0.05). Postoperative levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid (D-LA), and endotoxin (ET) in both groups increased, while the level of IL-10 decreased. There was no statistically significant difference in ET levels between the two groups (P>0.05), but the levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, DAO, and D-LA in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the level of IL-10 was higher in the observation group (P<0.05).

Three-dimensional reconstruction under 3D laparoscopy can improve the effect of lymph node dissection for low-stage advanced rectal cancer, and can also alleviate postoperative micro-inflammation and improve intestinal mucosal function of patients.