胃癌是消化系统常见的恶性肿瘤，全胃切除术是治疗进展期胃癌的重要手段，而术后消化道重建是手术的关键环节，其方式的选择直接影响患者的预后及生活质量。全胃切除术后消化道重建方式众多，虽然大部分患者通过合理的重建方式可恢复基本消化功能，或仅有轻微的消化不适，可通过术后调理改善，但当患者出现严重并发症如营养不良、顽固性反流及吻合口瘘等情况时常需调整治疗方案或再次手术干预。手术重建方式主要包括Billroth-Ⅰ式吻合术、Billroth-Ⅱ式吻合术及Roux-en-Y吻合术等，本文旨在分析其各自的优缺点、临床应用效果及适用范围，为临床手术方式的选择提供参考依据。

Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor in the digestive system. Total gastrectomy is an important treatment method for advanced gastric cancer. Postoperative digestive tract reconstruction is a key part of the surgery, and the choice of the method directly affects the prognosis and quality of life of the patients. There are numerous methods for digestive tract reconstruction after total gastrectomy. Although most patients can restore basic digestive functions through reasonable reconstruction methods, or only experience mild digestive discomfort, which can be improved through postoperative adjustment, when patients suffer from severe complications such as malnutrition, refractory reflux, and anastomotic fistula, the treatment plan often needs to be adjusted or re-surgery is required. The surgical reconstruction methods mainly include Billroth-I anastomosis, Billroth-II anastomosis, and Roux-en-Y anastomosis, etc. This article aims to analyze the advantages and disadvantages, clinical application effects, and applicable scopes of each method, in order to provide a reference basis for the selection of clinical surgical methods.