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Chinese Journal of Operative Procedures of General Surgery(Electronic Edition) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (05): 427-431. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3946.2026.05.006

• Original Article • Previous Articles    

A Study on the differences in lymph node metastasis characteristics and prognostic correlation between upper and lower gastric cancer

Jiwei Wang, Zhikun Xu, Zhiyuan Xie, Longbo Gong†()   

  1. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Jiangsu Province 221009, China
  • Received:2026-03-26 Online:2026-10-26 Published:2026-09-25
  • Contact: Longbo Gong
  • Supported by:
    Jiangsu Province's Key Medical Discipline of the 14th Five-Year Plan(ZDXK202237)

Abstract:

Objective

To explore the characteristics of lymph node metastasis distribution, risk factors, and prognostic differences between upper and lower gastric cancers.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical case data of 1 318 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent radical gastrectomy from January 2018 to January 2020. The patients were divided into the upper gastric cancer group (n=612) and the lower gastric cancer group (n=706) based on the tumor location. SPSS 26.0 statistical software and R 4.2.2 software were used to analyze the data. The characteristics of lymph node metastasis in the two groups were compared. Logistic regression and Cox regression were used to analyze the risk factors and prognostic influencing factors.

Results

The lymph node metastasis rate of upper gastric cancer was higher than that of lower gastric cancer (35.3% vs 28.3%, P=0.009), and the number of metastatic lymph nodes was greater (3.9±3.2 vs 3.0±2.8, P<0.001). The upper gastric cancer mainly metastasized to the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 7th groups of lymph nodes, while the lower gastric cancer mainly metastasized to the 3rd, 6th, 7th, and 4th groups. Tumor length ≥ 4 cm, low differentiation, pT3-4 stage, vascular invasion, and nerve invasion were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05). The 3-year survival rate of upper gastric cancer was lower than that of lower gastric cancer (88.7% vs 96.0%, P<0.001); age ≥ 60 years, upper gastric tumor, low differentiation, pTNM stage Ⅲ, positive vascular invasion, and no receiving adjuvant chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors (all P<0.05).

Conclusion

There are significant differences in the lymph node metastasis patterns and prognosis between upper and lower gastric cancers.

Key words: Stomach Neoplasms, Radical Gastrectomy, Lymph Node Metastasis, Risk Factors

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