To investigate the clinical effect of laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) in the treatment of pancreatic head cancer with lymph node dissection in group 14c/d.

The clinical data of 46 patients with pancreatic head cancer who underwent LPD from September 2019 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. According to whether lymph nodes in group 14c/d were dissected during operation, they were divided into the dissected group (n=24 cases) and the undissected group (n=22 cases). In the non-dissected group, LPD in the standard lymph node dissection range was performed according to the Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer (2021). Lymph nodes of group 14c/d were cleaned in the cleaning group on the basis of the non-cleaning group. SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data. The statistical data of complications were expressed by [cases (%)] and χ² or Rank Sum test was performed. Measurement data such as surgery-related indicators were represented by(), and independent sample t test was performed for inter-group comparison. The survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method and tested by Log-Rank. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

There were no significant differences in operation time, blood loss, gastrointestinal function recovery time and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups (P>0.05). The number of lymph nodes cleared, the number of positive lymph nodes detected and the R0 resection rate in the dissection group were significantly higher than those in the non-dissection group (P<0.05). The total incidence of postoperative complications in the sweeping group was higher than that in the non-sweeping group (37.5% vs. 27.3%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The cumulative overall survival rate (70.8% vs. 59.1%) and disease-free survival rate (62.5% vs. 50.0%) in the swept group were significantly higher than those in the non-swept group (Log-Rank χ²=4.172, 4.023, P=0.041, 0.045).

Lymph node dissection in group 14c/d of LPD is safe and feasible in pancreatic head cancer. It can make lymph node dissection more thorough without significantly increasing postoperative complications, improve the radical treatment of tumors, and improve the prognosis of patients.