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中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (05) : 480 -484. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3946.2026.05.016

论著

两种术式治疗甲状腺微小乳头状癌的效果比较
张宇, 夏晓天, 郭明高†(), 樊友本   
  1. 200233 上海,上海市第六人民医院甲乳疝外科
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-22 出版日期:2026-10-26
  • 通信作者: 郭明高

Comparison of the effects of two surgical procedures in treating thyroid micro-papillary carcinoma

Yu Zhang, Xiaotian Xia, Minggao Guo†(), Youben Fan   

  1. Department of Thyroid, Breast and Hernia Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
  • Received:2026-04-22 Published:2026-10-26
  • Corresponding author: Minggao Guo
  • Supported by:
    Three-Year Action Plan Project for Promoting Clinical Skills and Clinical Innovation Capabilities of Municipal Hospitals(SHDC2020CR6003)
引用本文:

张宇, 夏晓天, 郭明高, 樊友本. 两种术式治疗甲状腺微小乳头状癌的效果比较[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(05): 480-484.

Yu Zhang, Xiaotian Xia, Minggao Guo, Youben Fan. Comparison of the effects of two surgical procedures in treating thyroid micro-papillary carcinoma[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Operative Procedures of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(05): 480-484.

目的

比较经腋窝免充气腔镜甲状腺切除术(GTET)与经锁骨上开放甲状腺切除术治疗甲状腺微小乳头状癌(PTMC)的临床疗效、安全性、术后炎症应激反应、美学效果及吞咽功能。

方法

回顾性分析2023年1月至2025年9月收治的158例初治PTMC患者的临床资料。根据手术方式的不同将患者分为腔镜组(采用GTET,n=71)和开放组(采用传统经锁骨上开放甲状腺切除术,n=87)。术后并发症发生率等计数资料采用χ2检验;围手术期相关指标、手术前后血清炎症因子水平等符合正态分布的计量资料采用独立样本t检验。

结果

腔镜组患者手术时间长于开放组,术中出血量、术后引流量均小于开放组,术后住院时间短于开放组(P<0.001);两组患者中央区淋巴结清扫数量、阳性淋巴结检出率及术后并发症总发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后3 d,腔镜组患者C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均低于开放组(P<0.001);术后3个月,腔镜组患者温哥华瘢痕量表(VSS)评分、吞咽障碍指数(SIS-10)评分均低于开放组(P<0.001)。

结论

GTET在严格筛选的PTMC患者中可获得与开放手术相近的短期肿瘤学清扫效果;虽手术时间延长,但在减少术中出血、减轻急性炎症应激反应、改善术后短期美容与吞咽功能方面具有优势。

Objective

To compare the clinical efficacy, safety, postoperative inflammatory stress response, aesthetic effect, and swallowing function between transaxillary non-inflatable endoscopic thyroidectomy (GTET) and open thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC).

Methods

The clinical data of 158 patients with newly diagnosed PTMC from January 2023 to September 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the endoscopic group (GTET, n=71) and the open group (traditional open thyroidectomy via the clavicle, n=87) based on the different surgical methods. The incidence of postoperative complications and other count data were analyzed using the χ2 test; the perioperative related indicators and serum inflammatory factor levels before and after surgery that met the normal distribution were analyzed using the independent sample t test.

Results

The operation time of the endoscopic group was longer than that of the open group, while the intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage volume, and hospital stay were lower in the endoscopic group (P<0.001); there were no statistically significant differences in the number of central lymph node dissections, positive lymph node detection rate, and total incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P>0.05); on the 3rd day after surgery, the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the endoscopic group were lower than those in the open group (P<0.001); at 3 months after surgery, the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) score and swallowing disorder index (SIS-10) score of the endoscopic group were lower than those of the open group (P<0.001).

Conclusion

GTET can achieve similar short-term oncological clearance effects as open surgery in strictly selected PTMC patients; although the operation time is prolonged, it has advantages in reducing intraoperative bleeding, alleviating acute inflammatory stress response, and improving short-term cosmetic and swallowing functions.

表1 两组甲状腺微小乳头状癌患者基线资料比较
表2 两组甲状腺微小乳头状癌患者围手术期相关指标比较
表3 两组甲状腺微小乳头状癌患者手术前后血清炎症应激指标比较(
±s)
表4 两组甲状腺微小乳头状癌患者美学评分及吞咽功能评分比较(分,
±s)
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