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中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (05) : 447 -451. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-3946.2026.05.010

论著

基于PSM分析高原地区胆囊结石合并胆总管结石急诊与择期手术的预后
朵红梅, 冶成贵†()   
  1. 810000 西宁,青海省第四人民医院
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-19 出版日期:2026-10-26
  • 通信作者: 冶成贵

Based on PSM analysis, the prognosis of emergency and elective surgeries for gallbladder stones combined with common bile duct stones in high-altitude regions

Hongmei Duo, Chenggui Ye†()   

  1. Qinghai Fourth People's Hospital, Xining Qinghai Province 810000, China
  • Received:2026-01-19 Published:2026-10-26
  • Corresponding author: Chenggui Ye
引用本文:

朵红梅, 冶成贵. 基于PSM分析高原地区胆囊结石合并胆总管结石急诊与择期手术的预后[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(05): 447-451.

Hongmei Duo, Chenggui Ye. Based on PSM analysis, the prognosis of emergency and elective surgeries for gallbladder stones combined with common bile duct stones in high-altitude regions[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Operative Procedures of General Surgery(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(05): 447-451.

目的

基于倾向性评分匹配(PSM)法,探讨高原地区胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者急诊与择期手术的疗效差异及高原环境因素对预后的影响。

方法

回顾性分析2015年1月至2020年12月386例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者临床资料。按手术时机分为急诊组(n=152)和择期组(n=234)。应用PSM按1∶1比例平衡年龄、ASA分级、并发症及术前实验室指标等主要混杂因素,最终两组各成功匹配138例。采用t检验或χ2检验等对比分析两组短期并发症、肝功能恢复等指标。

结果

择期组患者术后并发症总发生率、5年累积结石复发率、再手术率及住院费用均显著低于急诊组(P<0.05);择期组患者术后肝功能恢复速率显著快于急诊组,随访末次SF-36生活质量评分更高(P<0.05)。两组患者术后30 d死亡率及5年累积生存率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

高原地区病情稳定的胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者,择期手术在降低近期并发症、减少远期结石复发及改善生活质量方面显著优于急诊手术。

Objective

Based on the propensity score matching (PSM) method, this study aims to explore the efficacy differences between emergency and elective surgeries for patients with gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones in high-altitude areas, as well as the impact of the high-altitude environment on prognosis.

Methods

The clinical data of 386 patients with gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the emergency group (n=152) and the elective group (n=234) according to the timing of surgery. PSM was used to balance age, ASA classification, comorbidities, and preoperative laboratory indicators as the main confounding factors, and finally, 138 cases were successfully matched in each group. t tests or χ2 tests were used to compare and analyze short-term complications, liver function recovery, etc. between the two groups.

Results

The total incidence of postoperative complications, 5-year cumulative stone recurrence rate, reoperation rate, and hospitalization costs in the elective group were significantly lower than those in the emergency group (P<0.05); the postoperative recovery rate of liver function in the elective group was significantly faster than that in the emergency group, and the final SF-36 quality of life score at follow-up was higher (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the 30-day postoperative mortality and 5-year cumulative survival rate between the two groups (P>0.05).

Conclusion

For patients with stable conditions of gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones in high-altitude areas, elective surgery is significantly superior to emergency surgery in reducing short-term complications, reducing long-term stone recurrence, and improving quality of life.

表1 倾向性评分匹配后两组胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者基线资料比较
表2 两组胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者围手术期指标比较
表3 两组胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者术后30 d并发症比较[例(%)]
表4 两组胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者术后肝功能指标动态恢复情况比较(
±s)
表5 两组胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者远期预后指标比较
图1 两组胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者术后5年累积总生存分析
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